雅思阅读题型种类繁多，但如果大体来看，无非就两种。一种是提供选项的选择题型，另一种就是填空题了。因为雅思阅读中填空题的正确答案都是直接从原文中获取的原词，因此在找答案之前，对答案词性的分析就显得特别重要和必要了。下面朗阁海外考试研究中心阅读组的将以剑桥系列真题中的部分填空题作为例子，来简要讲述一下分析空格词性对于我们解题有何帮助。

I. 空格词性的分析帮助我们在做题前了解答案的特殊形式，从而缩小答案范围

下列真题选自剑桥V 中的Test 1:

Having rented agarret, he took on a number of ______, who stood at a long central desk.

通过把握空格前后的单词a number of 和who, 我们确定较终填进空格的单词必须是代表人物的名词复数。回到原文中，结合句中提到的garret和stood at a long central desk,很快就能找到答案copying clerks 抄写员。

又如：

A third type oferuption occurs when the lava emerges very quickly and _____ violently.

空格前的and提示我们，此空格填入的单词是和emerges并列的谓语动词，因此，正确的答案必须是动词的第三人称单数形式。回到原文中，借助于空格前后的a third type,emergesquickly(当然原文中被替换成了moves swiftly)以及violently(原文中被替换成了with tremendous force)，我们锁定答案就是explodes.

II. 空格词性的分析有助于我们确定较终的正确答案，尤其是当答案部分涉及生词时

例如：

According to hisbiographer, James Boswell, Johnson’s principal achievement was to bring _____to the English language.

在实际做题中，很多学生能比较地定位到相关的内容，并根据词性分析确定此空需要填名词做bring的宾语。但在原文中，他们发现，名词stability的前面有一个生词conferred。受到分词可以作定语这个语法功能的误导，有部分学生毫不犹豫把conferred连同stability一起填入空格，结果证明自己的答案错了。其实，要把握该不该填conferred很简单，我们只需要分析一下原文的句子It is the cornerstone of Standard English, an a achievement whichconferred stability on the language of his country就好了。根据原文，conferred应该充当的是定语从句中的谓语动词，而stability是它的宾语。所以，答案中当然不能包含谓语动词conferred.

既然分析空格词性对我们做好填空题如此重要，那么在正确把握好各个空格词性的时候，我们必须要注意什么呢?同样以剑桥真题为例。

首先，空格词性取决于紧挨空格的单词，绝大多数不需要看整个句子。

例如：

在句子Bakelite was unique because it was the first material to be bothentirely ______ in origin, and thermosetting中，根据空格前面的be entirely, 空格所需的是一个形容词。

又如：

句子Day length is a useful cue for breeding in areas where _____ areunpredictable中，根据空格后面的are, 空格所需的是一个做主语的复数名词。

其次，朗阁海外考试研究中心提醒考生，当空格前的单词为to时，注意判断to是介词还是不定式的标志。如：

1. Rightprefrontal cortex lights up- area of brain linked to _______

2. Desertannuals respond to _______ as a signal for reproduction.

3. Some plasticsbehave in a similar way to _________ in that they melt under heat and can bemolded into new forms.

以上3个空格都不可能填动词原形，因为to都是介词，答案只有可能是名词或动名词。

ight:W?;o?]?`?:"Verdana","sans-serif";mso-bidi-font-family:Verdana'>For the first time, I haven’t got to know enough information about thecity. Through this experience, I got to know that if I would go there again,things like beach towel, telescopes and sunscreen are necessary. It can addmore interest to the trip.

根据旅游场景的目的地、景点、交通和活动等具体的场景要素和词汇，我们不再需要纠结于要说什么，根据场景的要素，我们很快就能够构造话题的大方向。根据场景的词汇进行话题发展，整个话题的构造就不再是问题了。

由上面的内容，我们可以得到这样的完整描述：

The place that I have been to is called Qingdao. It is a coastal citywhich is located in the southeastern part of Shandong Province in our country.It is a famous summer resort for people in our country.

Qingdao is the one that is not far away from my hometown. Almostspending four hours by train, we are able to reach there. In terms of travelingaround the city, we mainly take the public transport which turns out to be veryconvenient.

There are loads of tourist attractions there. The most popular one isthe beach, which is the paradise for people to enjoy the seascape. Through thisexperience, I got to know that if I would go there again, things like beachtowel, telescopes and sunscreen are necessary. It can add more interest to thetrip. Moreover, it is not crowed at all as compared with the seaside places inother parts of China. Also, there is a marine museum. It is real worthvisiting.

We spent five days there. We mainly experienced some activities thatwe have not tried yet. Particularly, I want to mention diving. It is a realexciting activity there. I real enjoyed the undersea scenery which I saw when Iwas in the sea. It was a totally different feeling.

I want to go to the city again if I got the chance. For the firsttime, I haven’t covered enough places. I heard from my friends that there areother tourist attractions there like the Mount Lao, which was extremelybeautiful in winter. So, I plan to go there again this winter to enjoy thewholly different scenery.

除了旅游类场景外，雅思听力还有很多其他场景，很多也都适用于雅思口语话题。大家不妨再整理一下手中的听力场景要素和词汇，把它们与口语话题结合。这样可以减少大家对于话题内容的准备时间，并且表达的时候有助于流利度的提高。